A. Make 10 questions from the
text.
1.
How were the survival rates
for saithe and cod during high and low fishing intensity periods?
2.
What does the result showed
by the survival project ?
3.
Who did fund the survival
project in 2003?
4.
Who do the fish that have
the poorest swimming ability and will tire quickly?
5.
What should be avoided
according to the experiments of mackerel?
6.
Why is the smallest fish that are most likely to die?
7.
What’s the function of
Nordmore grid?
8.
Where is the scientists come
from in survival project?
9.
What is the two identical large
floating net pens through a transfer channel of mackerel?
10.
What is the difference in
survival between different length-groups of whitting and haddock?
B. Report and list main ideas
of each paragraph.
1.
The principal objective of the
fish capture research is the development of resource and environtmentally
friendly commercial fishing gears and the provision of better tools for
ecosystem and stock monitoring.
2.
Behavioral observations in
and around various fishing gears have been used to develop more species and
size selective fishing gears.
3.
The nordmore grid for
separating shrimp and fish was developed in the late eighties and has been
adopted in all North Atlantic shrimp fisheries.
4.
In order for technical
measures to work, it is important to ensure that the fish that escape from the gear actually survive.
5.
In 2003 the survival project was started to assess
the survival of fish escaping from towed fishing gears.
6.
The experiments showed that
survival of fish that had passed through a trawl codend was generally good.
7.
The experiments
investigating whether fish escaping at the surface survive showed that
surface-escapees had substantially lower chance of surviving than fish escaping
during the low.
8.
Survival experiments
conducted in the barents sea compared the survival of fish escaping from a
trawl codend in an area which was first closed to commercil trawlers and then
reopened to intensive trawling activity.
9.
Survival rates were high for
saithe and cod, close to 99% during both high and low fishing intensity
periods.
10. Haddock survival was substantially lower and varied considerably
from haul to haul.
11. The survival project showed that the survival of haddock,
whiting, cod, and saithe escaping from trawl codends were generally better than
previous investigation have suggested.
12. Recently a new offshore methode has been used to study the
effect of crowding with subsequent slipping from a purse on the mortalityof
atlantic mackerel.
13. In these experiments mackerel were carefully transferred from a
purse seine into two identical large floating net-pens through a transfere of
channel.
14. A total of five experiments were conducted and it was evident
that crowding had a major effect on survival of mackerel.
C. List un familiar words and
find out the synonim and antonym.
Words synonim antonym
ü Fishing
gears
ü Provision
ü Discard
ü Fisheries
ü Grid
ü Further
ü Demersal
ü Pelagic
ü Bycatch
ü Cod
ü Saithe
ü Herring
ü Trawl
ü Ensure
ü Seining
ü Funded
ü Assess
ü Haddock
ü Whiting
ü Towed
ü Codend
ü Herds
ü Fatigued
ü Tow
ü Conducted
ü Cage
ü Anchored
ü Sea-bed
ü Rate
ü Varied
ü Slipping
ü Fate
ü Crowded
ü Offshore
ü Subsequent
ü Float
ü Gradually
ü Hoisting
ü Crane
ü Eident
ü Inevitable
ü Exert
ü Haul
D. New information
Some
oceanic term that we don’t know before, like:
1.
The word Sea-bed is not “ranjang laut” but
“dasar laut”
The
word Gears is not “gir sepeda/motor) but “alat memancing”
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